In Optimality Theory (OT), recent work has been exploring the idea that the order of constituents in syntax is determined by alignment constraints, developed within the theory of Generalized Alignment (see McCarthy and Prince (1993)). Costa (1998) and Samek-Lodovici (1998) present general overviews, and both have specifically argued that OT analyses are superior to proposals expressed in terms ...

Heavy-NP shift occurs when speakers prefer placing lengthy or “heavy” noun phrase direct objects in the clause-final position within a sentence rather than in the post-verbal position. Two experiments were conducted in this study, and their results suggested that having a long noun phrase affected the ordering of constituents (the noun phrase and prepositional phrase) by advanced Iranian EFL le...

Using ab initio calculations, the stability issues of a series Heusler alloys Ni 2 Mn 1+x Sb 1-x (x=0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1) with staggered and layer-by-layer ordering atoms are investigated. It is shown that compositions an excess stable respect to decomposition into constituent elements unstable two-phase system consisting ferromagnetic cubic L2 1 -phase MnSb antiferromagnetic tetragonal L1 0 N...

We demonstrate that local orientational ordering in a liquid can be observed in the decay of the vibrational anisotropy caused by resonant transfer of vibrational excitations between its constituent molecules. We show that the functional form of this decay is determined by the (distribution of) angles between the vibrating bonds of the molecules between which energy transfer occurs, and that th...

lems At Weybridge, we have many animal health probassociated wrth the grazing of apparently good pastures, and it is some of these problems that I propose to discuss this afternoon: Because some of these disorders are not associated with a deficiency of minerals in the herbage itself, it may be misleading to refer to them merely as “trace element” or “mineral deficiency” diseases, which usually...

Active systems, from bacterial suspensions to cellular monolayers, are continuously driven out of equilibrium by local injection of energy from their constituent elements and exhibit turbulent-like and chaotic patterns. Here we demonstrate both theoretically and through numerical simulations, that the crossover between wet active systems, whose behaviour is dominated by hydrodynamics, and dry a...